Source:│DateTime:2022-10-20
Ginkgo biloba L is a unique economic plant resource in my country and is listed as a national key protected plant. At present, my country has abundant ginkgo resources, accounting for about 75% of the world's total. In addition, there are only a small amount of pure wild ginkgo in my country's Tianmu Mountain, Shennongjia and Dabie Mountain in the world.
Ginkgo biloba
leaves are sweet, bitter, astringent, and flat. Return to the heart and lung
meridians. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood
stasis, dredging collaterals and relieving pain, astringing the lungs and
relieving asthma, and removing turbidity and lowering lipids. Used for blood
stasis blocking collaterals, chest pain and heartache, stroke hemiplegia, lung
deficiency cough and asthma, hyperlipidemia.
In recent years,
the market consumption of ginkgo biloba extract preparations and health food
has increased year by year, and it has become one of the most popular varieties
in the global botanical drug market. It is mainly used to treat blood
circulation disorders such as the brain and peripheral areas. Dementia, senile
dementia, etc. also have good curative effect.
Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that ginkgolides and flavonoids are the main components of Ginkgo biloba to exert pharmacological effects.
1. Promote the
effect on cerebral circulation and blood-brain barrier
Ginkgo biloba leaf
preparation can improve brain cell metabolism; reduce blood-brain barrier
permeability. The preventive application of Ginkgo biloba preparation can
significantly reduce the cerebral hemisphere embolism and cerebral edema caused
by the injection of radioactive microspheres into the common carotid artery,
normalize the energy metabolism of brain cells, and increase cerebral blood
flow.
2. Effects on the
central nervous system
(1) Ginkgo biloba
leaves can improve learning and memory, promote the learning and memory process
of primary school students, and improve memory reproducibility
(2) Protective
effect on nerves: Ginkgo biloba leaves can reduce the damage of auditory nerve.
Clinically, GbE can significantly improve deafness and tinnitus caused by
ischemia and metabolic disorders.
(3) Effects on
aging, dementia and brain dysfunction: Ginkgo biloba can increase the density
of muscarinic receptors in the hippocampus of senile rats. There were
significant improvements.
3. Effects on the
cardiovascular system
Ginkgo biloba can
protect the ischemic myocardium and reduce the occurrence of arrhythmia in
normal or hypertrophic hearts. Flavonoids can dilate guinea pig coronary
arteries, dilate blood vessels in in vivo guinea pig hindlimbs and isolated rat
hindlimbs, and increase blood flow in rabbit carotid and ear arteries. In
addition, Ginkgo biloba also has the functions of scavenging free radicals,
anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-platelet activating factor, inhibiting platelet
aggregation, and lowering blood lipids.
4. Beauty effect
(1) Ginkgo biloba
leaves can reduce the level of lipid peroxidation, reduce freckles, moisturize
the skin, and make the appearance beautiful.
(2) The flavonoid
glycosides and amino acids in Ginkgo biloba leaves synthesize collagen
components, which play a significant role in human beauty, inhibiting the
growth of melanin, and maintaining skin luster and elasticity.
(3) The excellent
antioxidant components in Ginkgo biloba leaves fight against the production of
free radicals and prevent collagen oxidation.
(4) Ginkgo biloba leaves can improve the microcirculation of the skin, not only prevent the skin from drying and yellowing, but also make the skin pink and white.
Common ginkgo tea,
ginkgo tablets, etc., are extracted from fresh ginkgo leaves through a series
of scientific and standardized operations, which have been detoxified and meet
national standards. The active ingredients of Ginkgo biloba, such as flavonoids
and terpene lactones, can only play their role after being refined through
strict procedures.
Directly soaking
ginkgo leaves in water will not allow the active ingredients to work, but may
have some toxic substances dissolved in them, such as ginkgolic acid. Can cause
allergy, induce gene mutation, embryotoxicity, cause liver damage,
nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, etc. my country's current Pharmacopoeia clearly
stipulates that the total ginkgolic acid in Ginkgo biloba extract must be less
than 10 parts per million.
Another point to
note is that many heart disease patients will take low-dose aspirin for a long
time. If co-administered with ginkgo biloba or ginkgo biloba preparations, it
may enhance the changes in blood rheology and coagulation function due to
synergistic effects. A study has shown that people who take aspirin for a long
time and take 40 mg of ginkgo biloba preparations orally twice a day can cause
iris bleeding in the eyes. If you have just had surgery, taking ginkgo biloba
and aspirin at the same time has a higher risk of bleeding.
In addition to aspirin, drugs that reduce blood viscosity should be used with the same caution when combined with ginkgo biloba preparations.
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